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BATTLE of QUEBEC

who: General Richard Montgomery and his forces, Benedict Arnold

What: Two expeditions of American troops began an advance toward the province of Quebec. General Montgomery and his forces proceeded up lake Champlain and successfully captured Montreal on November 13 before capturing Quebec. Attempted to capture British-occupied city of Quebec. Benedict Arnold and their men on the outskirts of Quebec and demanded the city to surrender. General Guy Carleton, the governor of the province of Quebec, rejected their command. Montgomery was killed in an open fire on December 31 when he and his troops marched into Quebec and he was shot by a British soldier. Americans failed and had to call the battle off.

When: During American Revolution, December 31, 1775

Where: City of Quebec

Why: To win support for the American cause in Canada

Facts
  • Quebec City was found in 1608 by french explorer Samuel de Champlain

  • American soldiers advanced on Quebec in snowfall in the early morning hours.

  • When Montgomery's forces approached the fortified city, the British opened fire with a barrage of artillery and musket fire

  • Approximately 1,200 Americans participated in battle; more than 400 were captured, wounded or killed. British causalities were minor.

  • With the arrival of the British fleet in may of 1776, the Americans retreated from the area.

  • Benedict Arnold  became a traitor 5 years after the battle of Quebec. He agreed to surrender an important Hudson River fort to the British in return for money and a command  in the British army. The plot was uncovered after British spy, John Andre, was captured with incriminating papers, forcing Arnold to flee to British protraction and join in their fight against the country that he had once so valiantly.

  • Uniforms, arms and equipment at the Battle of Quebec 1775: Each side wore whatever clothing was available to them, other than the small party of British recruits who many have been in uniforms. Weapons were muskets and bayonets. The British had the benefit of the  heavy guns on the city's fortification.

  • Winner of the Battle of Quebec 1775: The British and French-Canadian garrison drove off the American attack  and ended the threat to the British control of Canada

  • The Battle of Quebec was military conflict between the kingdom of great Britain and its thirteen colonies.

  • On the November 13, 1775, Arnold took his force across the St. Lawrence to the North bank, climbed onto the plains of Abraham, and summoned the garrison to surrender or come out and fight. The garrison refused both. Arnold launched a night attack that was beaten back. 

  • Major-General Benedict Arnold was a military leader, inspirational in action and unreliable in character. Arnold led his troops on the difficult journey across the Maine back-country, running out of supplies on the way. His attack on Quebec was beaten back after the death of Montgomery and the release of Macleans's  British troops to join the garrison fighting Arnold's forces. After, playing a major role in the Defeat of the British General Burgoyne at Saratoga, Arnold was appointed the military commander in Philadelphia In 1780 Arnold was appoint to command the fortified post at West Point. Arnold's treachery in intending to deliver the post was discovered and he fled to the British. Arnold's British contact, major Andre, was hanged as a spy. After the war, Arnold lived in England, Canada, and the West indies.

  • One of Montgomery's officers in the attack on Quebec was Daniel Morgan. Morgan was captured by the British. On his exchange, Morgan found he had been promoted to colonel. He was required to re-raise his regiment of Virginian riflemen. Morgan went on to command the American army.

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